| Plant: A large shrub 4 to 8 feet tall with smooth, round, red stems. It is common in disturbed ground or along roads throughout, blooming the year round. Although the seed of R. communis is the source of castor oil, long used as a laxative, the plant is very toxic to humans and poisons livestock and poultry when eaten. Toxin is Ricin. Invasive |  |
| Flowers: In terminal clusters, male and female on same plant, with female higher. The female flowers are red and the male whitish-yellow, both without petals. |   |
| Fruit: A large, round, spiny capsule with shiny, mottled seeds. Seeds have intricate pattern on outside. Was grown in California for the oil which was used for aircraft instrument lubricant during World War II. The seed is one-half oil. |   |
| Leaf: The large leaves are heavily lobed and may be over 20 inches across. Stems are Red. |   |
| Flowering period: | January to December |
| Can be found here: | Back Bay Drive, Big Canyon, Bayview Nature Trail |
| Native Plant: No | Halophyte: No |
| Family Name: Spurge | Click on Picture for enlarged version |
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Date: 11/16/2003
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